Henry Maudsley

Henry Maudsley
Henry Maudsley

Henry Maudsley (1835–1918) est un précurseur de la psychiatrie britannique.

Biographie

Henry Maundsley est né en 1838 à Rome, petit hameau proche de Giggleswick dans le Yorkshire du Nord. Il fit ses études à l'University College de Londres où il obtint le titre de Docteur en médecine en 1857 ; il prit alors un poste à l'asile de Wakefield. À 23 ans, il obtint le grade de super-intendant médical au "Cheadle Royal Hospital" à Cheadle Hume. Il revint à Londres en 1862 ; il y exerça comme professeur de médecine légale de 1869 à 1879. De 1866 à 1874, il dirigea l'asile privé de John Conolly à Hanwell. Il avait épousé la plus jeune des filles de Conolly, Ann, alors âgée de 36 ans.

De 1862 à 1878, il fut aussi rédacteur en chef du Journal of Mental Science, périodique de l'Association Médico-Psychiatrique britannique qui paraît aujourd'hui sous le titre de British Journal of Psychiatry. Maundsley travailla à étendre les centres d'intérêt de la publication à la psychologie et à la philosophie.

En 1907, Maundsley collabora avec le London County Council pour fonder le Maudsley Hospital, avec un don de 30 000 £, un établissement destiné à traiter les affections psychiatriques profondes et comportant également un hôpital de jour pour les affections débutantes ou légères. L'établissement abritait également des unités de recherche et d'enseignement. Les bâtiments furent achevés en 1915 et un acte du Parlement rendit possible les internements volontaires. L'établissement fusionna avec le Bethlem Royal Hospital en 1948.

Œuvres

  • 1867 The Physiology and Pathology of Mind. Macmillan
  • 1870 Body and Mind: An Inquiry into their Connection and Mutual Influence. Macmillan
  • 1874 Responsibility in Mental Disease. King
  • 1876 The Physiology of Mind. — Enlarged and revised 3rd editions
  • 1879 The Pathology of Mind. — of the 1867 work. (Macmillan)
  • 1883 Body and Will: In its Metaphysical, Physiological and Pathological Aspects. Kegan, Paul
  • 1886 Natural Causes and Supernatural Seemings. Kegan, Paul
  • 1902 Life in Mind and Conduct: Studies of Organic in Human Nature. Macmillan
  • 1908 Heredity, Variation and Genius, with Essay on Shakespeare and Address on Medicine. John Bale, Sons & Danielsson
  • 1916 Organic to Human: Psychological and Sociological. Macmillan
  • 1918 Religion and Realities. John Bale, Sons & Danielsson

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