8-track

8-track

Cartouche (Cart machines)

Page d'aide sur l'homonymie Pour les articles homonymes, voir Cartouche.

Les cart machines, développées aux États-Unis étaient des bandes magnétiques utilisées pour diffuser des jingles ou des annonces publicitaires à la radio. L'enregistrement était mono ou stéréophonique (sur une ou deux pistes), et un signal à 1 kHz pour commander l'arrêt du lecteur était enregistré sur une autre piste. Ce format a été introduit par Collins Radio en 1959. Il a été ensuite perfectionné avec l'introduction d'autres signaux de commandes (à 150 Hz et 8 kHz). Les vitesses de défilement disponibles sont de 9,5, 19 ou 38 cm/s.

Ce média fut plus tard décliné en une version quatre pistes. Enfin, apparue en 1964, la cartouche 8 pistes en est l'une des dernières évolutions, populaire de la fin des années 1960 au début des années 1980.

Intérieur d'une cartouche de type Fidelipac

Histoire

Le tout premier format de bande magnétique fut le système reel to reel, ou « d'une bobine à l'autre », qui s'est démocratisé après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, à la toute fin des années 1940. L'inconvénient majeur de ce système est sa relative complexité de fonctionnement : en effet, placer correctement la bande sur les têtes de lecture s'avère bien moins simple que de poser un disque microsillon sur une platine, par exemple.

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